政府报告白皮书中英文翻译：《新时代的中国能源发展》

　　Working to become a service-oriented government, the Chinese government has further transformed its functions, streamlined administration, delegated powers, improved regulation and upgraded services. It employs strategic plans and macro-policies on energy, and mobilizes resources for major undertakings. Better oversight and regulation of the energy market will deliver better results and promote fair competition among all market entities. Putting people and lives above everything else, China has remained firm in its commitment to safe production in the energy industry.

　　激发市场主体活力。深化能源“放管服”改革，减少中央政府层面能源项目核准，将部分能源项目审批核准权限下放地方，取消可由市场主体自主决策的能源项目审批。减少前置审批事项，降低市场准入门槛，加强和规范事中事后监管。提升“获得电力”服务水平，压减办电时间、环节和成本。推行“互联网+政务”服务，推进能源政务服务事项“一窗受理”“应进必进”，提升“一站式”服务水平。

　　Igniting the vitality of market entities. China has extended reform in the energy sector to delegate powers, improve regulation, and upgrade services. This includes reducing approval by the central government for energy projects and delegating the approval power to local authorities for some projects. The requirement for government review and approval has been rescinded for energy projects about which market entities can decide at their own discretion. The number of items of preliminary review has been slashed and the threshold for market access has been lowered, while supervision during and after production has been enhanced and standardized. “Access to electricity” services have been improved. As a result, the time, procedures and cost needed for businesses to connect to the power grid have all been cut down. In addition, China has promoted the “internet plus government services” model, and expanded the practice of providing all energy-related government services at one simple window in localities where all relevant authorities have outlets, thereby improving one-stop services.

　　引导资源配置方向。制定实施《能源生产和消费革命战略(2016-2030)》以及能源发展规划和系列专项规划、行动计划，明确能源发展的总体目标和重点任务，引导社会主体的投资方向。完善能源领域财政、税收、产业和投融资政策，全面实施原油、天然气、煤炭资源税从价计征，提高成品油消费税，引导市场主体合理开发利用能源资源。构建绿色金融正向激励体系，推广新能源汽车，发展清洁能源。支持大宗能源商品贸易人民币计价结算。

　　Guiding the allocation of resources. In addition to other plans, including special plans and action plans, China has drawn up and implemented the “Strategy for Energy Production and Consumption Revolution (2016-2030)” for developing the energy sector. These define the overall goals and key tasks, and guide investment in the sector. In order to encourage market entities to appropriately explore and utilize energy resources, China has refined its fiscal, taxation, industrial, financing, and investment policies, implemented a nationwide ad valorem tax on crude oil, natural gas and coal, and raised excise tax on oil products. It is building a green finance incentive system to promote new energy vehicles and develop clean energy. China also encourages Renminbi settlement for trading in bulk energy commodities.

　　促进市场公平竞争。理顺能源监管职责关系，逐步实现电力监管向综合能源监管转型。严格电力交易、调度、供电服务和市场秩序监管，强化电网公平接入、电网投资行为、成本及投资运行效率监管。加强油气管网设施公平开放监管，推进油气管网设施企业信息公开，提高油气管网设施利用率。全面推行“双随机、一公开”监管，提高监管公平公正性。加强能源行业信用体系建设，依法依规建立严重失信主体名单制度，实施失信惩戒，提升信用监管效能。包容审慎监管新兴业态，促进新动能发展壮大。畅通能源监管热线，发挥社会监督作用。

　　Promoting fair competition. China has overhauled the government’s regulatory power and responsibilities, and gradually transformed regulation of the electricity sector to comprehensive regulation of the entire energy sector. It has tightened regulation of electricity transaction, distribution and supply, the market order, equitable connection to the power grid, and grid investment, cost and efficiency. China has also reinforced oversight of the opening of oil and gas pipeline facilities to all eligible users, increased information transparency of pipeline operators, and increased the utilization rate of these facilities. Random inspection by randomly selected staff and prompt release of inspection results have been expanded to the whole energy sector. Efforts have been intensified to establish a credit system in the energy industry, created in accordance with law lists of entities that have committed serious acts of bad faith, and to take joint punitive action against such acts, hence increasing the effectiveness of credit regulation. China exercises prudential regulation of new business forms to develop new drivers of growth. It also keeps energy hotlines open to ensure oversight by the public.

　　筑牢安全生产底线。健全煤矿安全生产责任体系，提高煤矿安全监管监察执法效能，建设煤矿安全生产标准化管理体系，增强防灾治灾能力，煤矿安全生产形势总体好转。落实电力安全企业主体责任、行业监管责任和属地管理责任，提升电力系统网络安全监督管理，加强电力建设工程施工安全监管和质量监督，电力系统安全风险总体可控，未发生大面积停电事故。加强油气全产业链安全监管，油气安全生产形势保持稳定。持续强化核安全监管体系建设，提高核安全监管能力，核电厂和研究堆总体安全状况良好，在建工程建造质量整体受控。

　　Ensuring production safety. China has improved the accountability system for coal mine safety, raised the efficiency of coal mine supervision, regulation and law enforcement, created a standardized management system for coal mine safety, and built up its capacity for disaster prevention and control. As a result, coal mine safety has much improved. Enterprises share the main responsibility for power safety, industry regulators share the regulatory responsibility, and local authorities have the overall responsibility for safety in their respective jurisdictions. Oversight and management have been improved to ensure cybersecurity of the electricity system, as well as the safety and quality of electricity construction projects. Safety risks in the supply of electricity are manageable in general, and there has been no instance of extensive blackout. Meanwhile, through stronger safety regulation of the entire oil and gas industrial chain, China has maintained safety in oil and gas production. Thanks to sustained efforts to improve its system and capacity for nuclear safety regulation, China’s nuclear power plants and research reactors are generally safe and secure, and the quality of nuclear projects under construction is well controlled as a whole.

　　(四)健全能源法治体系

　　4. Improving the Rule of Law in the Energy Sector

　　发挥法治固根本、稳预期、利长远的保障作用，坚持能源立法同改革发展相衔接，及时修改和废止不适应改革发展要求的法律法规;坚持法定职责必须为、法无授权不可为，依法全面履行政府职能。

　　Implementation of the rule of law is essential in the energy sector. It stabilizes expectations and creates long-term benefits. China aligns law making with reform and development in the energy industry, and has amended or abolished laws and regulations incompatible with the needs of reform and development in the sector. China adheres to the principle that administrative bodies must fulfill their statutory obligations and must not take any action that is not mandated by law, and sees that the government fully performs its functions in accordance with the law.

　　完善能源法律体系。推进能源领域法律及行政法规制修订工作，加强能源领域法律法规实施监督检查，加快电力、煤炭、石油、天然气、核电、新能源等领域规章规范性文件的“立改废”进程，将改革成果体现在法律法规和重大政策中。

　　Improving the system of energy laws. More laws and administrative regulations concerning the energy sector have been formulated or amended. Supervision and inspection of the enforcement of energy laws and regulations has been intensified. The work to enact, amend or repeal regulations and normative documents in the fields of electricity, coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear power and new energy has been accelerated, in order to incorporate reform results into China’s laws, regulations and major policies.

　　推进能源依法治理。推进法治政府建设，推动将法治贯穿于能源战略、规划、政策、标准的制定、实施和监督管理全过程。构建政企联动、互为支撑的能源普法新格局，形成尊法、学法、守法、用法良好氛围。创新行政执法方式，全面推行行政执法公示制度、行政执法全过程记录制度、重大执法决定法制审核制度，全面落实行政执法责任制。畅通行政复议和行政诉讼渠道，确保案件依法依规办理，依法保护行政相对人合法权益，让人民在每一个案件中切实感受到公平正义。

　　Improving law-based governance of the energy sector. China is working to ensure law-based governance and see that the rule of law materializes in the entire process of making, enforcing, overseeing and managing energy strategies, plans, policies and standards. To raise awareness of the law, it is developing a new paradigm that features interaction and mutual support between the government and enterprises, which will help create an enabling environment across the nation for respecting, studying and observing the law. China has adopted new practices in administrative law enforcement by introducing a nationwide system for disclosing information on administrative law enforcement, a system for recording the entire enforcement process, a system for reviewing the legality of major enforcement decisions, and an accountability system. China will ensure that the channels for applying administrative reconsideration and filing administrative lawsuits remain open, that cases are handled in accordance with laws and regulations, that the legitimate rights and interests of administrative counterparts are protected in accordance with the law, and that people can see in every case that justice has been served.

　　七、全方位加强能源国际合作

　　VII. Strengthening International Energy Cooperation Across the Board

　　中国践行绿色发展理念，遵循互利共赢原则开展国际合作，努力实现开放条件下能源安全，扩大能源领域对外开放，推动高质量共建“一带一路”，积极参与全球能源治理，引导应对气候变化国际合作，推动构建人类命运共同体。

　　China bases international cooperation on the principle of mutual benefit and win-win results while embracing the concept of green development. It is endeavoring to ensure energy security in an open environment, open its energy sector wider to the world, promote high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, actively engage in global energy governance, guide global cooperation in climate change, and build a global community of shared future.

　　(一)持续深化能源领域对外开放

　　1. Opening the Energy Sector Further to the World

　　中国坚定不移维护全球能源市场稳定，扩大能源领域对外开放。大幅度放宽外商投资准入，打造市场化法治化国际化营商环境，促进贸易和投资自由化便利化。全面实行准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理制度，能源领域外商投资准入限制持续减少。全面取消煤炭、油气、电力(除核电外)、新能源等领域外资准入限制。推动广东、湖北、重庆、海南等自由贸易试验区能源产业发展，支持浙江自由贸易试验区油气全产业链开放发展。埃克森美孚、通用电气、碧辟、法国电力、西门子等国际能源公司在中国投资规模稳步增加，上海特斯拉电动汽车等重大外资项目相继在中国落地，外资加油站数量快速增长。

　　China is committed to a stable global energy market and is opening its energy sector wider to the world. It has greatly eased market access for foreign investment, and has built a market-based international business environment that respects the rule of law to facilitate free trade and investment. It has adopted pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list, reducing restrictions on access to the energy sector for foreign investment. It has lifted the restrictions for foreign investment to enter the sectors of coal, oil, gas, electric power (excluding nuclear power), and new energy. It is promoting the energy industry in pilot free trade zones such as Guangdong, Hubei, Chongqing and Hainan, and supports further opening up of the entire oil and gas industry in the China (Zhejiang) Pilot Free Trade Zone. International energy companies such as ExxonMobil, GE, BP, EDF and SIEMENS are steadily expanding investment in China. Major foreign investment projects such as Tesla’s Shanghai plant are well under way. Foreign-funded gas stations are spreading.

　　(二)着力推进共建“一带一路”能源合作

　　2. Promoting Energy Cooperation Among BRI Countries

　　中国秉持共商共建共享原则，坚持开放、绿色、廉洁理念，努力实现高标准、惠民生、可持续的目标，同各国在共建“一带一路”框架下加强能源合作，在实现自身发展的同时更多惠及其他国家和人民，为推动共同发展创造有利条件。

　　China follows the principles of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits, and pursues open, green and clean governance in its energy cooperation with BRI countries towards high-standard, people-centered and sustainable goals. It attempts to bring benefits to more countries and their people while maintaining its own development trajectory, and to create conditions favorable to further common development.

　　推动互利共赢的能源务实合作。中国与全球100多个国家、地区开展广泛的能源贸易、投资、产能、装备、技术、标准等领域合作。中国企业高标准建设适应合作国迫切需求的能源项目，帮助当地把资源优势转化为发展优势，促进当地技术进步、就业扩大、经济增长和民生改善，实现优势互补、共同发展。通过第三方市场合作，与一些国家和大型跨国公司开展清洁能源领域合作，推动形成开放透明、普惠共享、互利共赢的能源合作格局。2019年，中国等30个国家共同建立了“一带一路”能源合作伙伴关系。

　　Pragmatic and mutually beneficial energy cooperation. China engages in extensive cooperation with over 100 countries and regions around the world in terms of energy trade, investment, industrial capacity, equipment, technology, and standard setting. The high standards of Chinese enterprises are much sought after by partner countries for their energy projects, which help to turn local resource advantages into development strengths. They will also drive technical progress in these countries, create more jobs, stimulate the economy, and improve people’s lives. In this way China and its BRI partners will grow together by leveraging and incorporating their respective strengths. China builds cooperation with countries and large transnational corporations in the field of clean energy through third-party markets, to create an energy cooperation framework which is open, transparent, inclusive, and mutually beneficial. In 2019, China established Belt and Road energy partnerships with 30 countries.

　　建设绿色丝绸之路。中国是全球最大的可再生能源市场，也是全球最大的清洁能源设备制造国。积极推动全球能源绿色低碳转型，广泛开展可再生能源合作，如几内亚卡雷塔水电项目、匈牙利考波什堡光伏电站项目、黑山莫茹拉风电项目、阿联酋迪拜光热光伏混合发电项目、巴基斯坦卡洛特水电站和真纳光伏园一期光伏项目等。可再生能源技术在中国市场的广泛应用，促进了全世界范围可再生能源成本的下降，加速了全球能源转型进程。

　　A silk road with green energy. China is the largest renewable energy market and the largest clean energy equipment manufacturer in the world. It is actively working towards green and low-carbon global energy transition by engaging in extensive cooperation in renewable energy. Its efforts can be seen in cooperation projects such as the Kaleta hydropower project in Guinea, the Kaposvar PV power station project in Hungary, the Mozura wind park project in Montenegro, Noor Energy 1 – the CSP+PV solar power project in Dubai of the UAE, the Karot hydropower project and the first phase of the solar PV power project in the Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park in Pakistan. The wide application of renewable energy technologies in the Chinese market is helping to reduce the cost of renewable energy across the globe and accelerate the green transition process.

　　加强能源基础设施互联互通。积极推动跨国、跨区域能源基础设施联通，为能源资源互补协作和互惠贸易创造条件。中俄、中国-中亚、中缅油气管道等一批标志性的能源重大项目建成投运，中国与周边7个国家实现电力联网，能源基础设施互联互通水平显著提升，在更大范围内促进能源资源优化配置，促进区域国家经济合作。

　　Greater energy infrastructure connectivity. China is promoting transnational and cross-regional energy infrastructure connectivity, creating conditions for complementary cooperation and reciprocal trade in energy resources. A batch of landmark energy projects such as the China-Russia, China-Central Asia and China-Myanmar oil and gas pipelines have been completed and brought into operation. China has now connected its grid with the power grids of seven neighboring countries, giving a strong boost to energy infrastructure connectivity and realizing optimal allocation of energy resources on a larger scale, which facilitates economic cooperation within the region.

　　提高全球能源可及性。积极推动“确保人人获得负担得起的、可靠和可持续的现代能源”可持续发展目标的国内落实，积极参与能源可及性国际合作，采用多种融资模式为无电地区因地制宜开发并网、微网和离网电力项目，为使用传统炊事燃料的地区捐赠清洁炉灶，提高合作国能源普及水平，惠及当地民生。

　　Wider global energy access. China actively implements the UN sustainable development goal of ensuring “access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all”. It also takes an active part in global cooperation on expanding energy access. To improve energy access in partner countries and benefit ordinary people, China has employed multiple financing methods to develop electric power projects using grid-connected, microgrid, or off-grid solar systems according to local conditions, and donated clean cooking stoves to regions still using traditional cooking fuels.

　　(三)积极参与全球能源治理

　　3. Actively Participating in Global Energy Governance

　　中国坚定支持多边主义，按照互利共赢原则开展双多边能源合作，积极支持国际能源组织和合作机制在全球能源治理中发挥作用，在国际多边合作框架下积极推动全球能源市场稳定与供应安全、能源绿色转型发展，为促进全球能源可持续发展贡献中国智慧、中国力量。

　　As a staunch supporter of multilateralism, China builds bilateral and multilateral energy cooperation based on mutual benefit and win-win results. It supports the role of the International Energy Agency (IEA) and relevant cooperation mechanisms in global energy governance, promotes global energy market stability and supply security, and the green energy transition within the framework of international multilateral cooperation, and contributes ideas and solutions to the sustainable development of global energy.

　　融入多边能源治理。积极参与联合国、二十国集团、亚太经合组织、金砖国家等多边机制下的能源国际合作，在联合研究发布报告、成立机构等方面取得积极进展。中国与90多个国家和地区建立了政府间能源合作机制，与30多个能源领域国际组织和多边机制建立了合作关系。2012年以来，中国先后成为国际可再生能源署成员国、国际能源宪章签约观察国、国际能源署联盟国等。

　　Engagement in multilateral energy governance. China is an active participant in international energy cooperation under multilateral mechanisms such as the UN, G20, APEC and BRICS. It is making positive progress in joint research, releasing reports and founding agencies. China has set up intergovernmental energy cooperation mechanisms with over 90 countries and regions, and established ties with over 30 international organizations and multilateral mechanisms in the energy sector. Since 2012, China has become a member state of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), an observer country to the Energy Charter Treaty, and an affiliate of the IEA.

　　倡导区域能源合作。搭建中国与东盟、阿盟、非盟、中东欧等区域能源合作平台，建立东亚峰会清洁能源论坛，中国推动能力建设与技术创新合作，为18个国家提供了清洁能源利用、能效等领域的培训。

　　A facilitator in regional energy cooperation. China has built regional energy cooperation platforms with ASEAN, the League of Arab States, African Union, and Central and Eastern Europe, and organized forums on clean energy at the East Asia Summit. It has also facilitated capacity building and cooperation on technological innovation and provided training for 18 countries in clean energy use and energy efficiency.

　　(四)携手应对全球气候变化

　　4. Joining Forces to Tackle Global Climate Change

　　中国秉持人类命运共同体理念，与其他国家团结合作、共同应对全球气候变化，积极推动能源绿色低碳转型。

　　Embracing the vision of a global community of shared future, China works together with other countries to address global climate change and promote the transition to green and low-carbon energy.

　　加强应对气候变化国际合作。在联合国、世界银行、全球环境基金、亚洲开发银行等机构和德国等国家支持下，中国着眼能源绿色低碳转型，通过经验分享、技术交流、项目对接等方式，同相关国家在可再生能源开发利用、低碳城市示范等领域开展广泛而持续的双多边合作。

　　Strengthening international cooperation on climate change. With support from the UN, World Bank, Global Environment Facility, Asian Development Bank, and countries such as Germany, China is focusing on green and low-carbon energy transition and developing extensive and sustainable bilateral and multilateral cooperation with other countries in exploiting renewable energy and showcasing pilot low-carbon cities through experience sharing, technical exchanges, and project dovetailing.

　　支持发展中国家提升应对气候变化能力。深化气候变化领域南南合作，支持最不发达国家、小岛屿国家、非洲国家和其他发展中国家应对气候变化挑战。从2016年起，中国在发展中国家启动10个低碳示范区、100个减缓和适应气候变化项目和1000个应对气候变化培训名额的合作项目，帮助发展中国家能源清洁低碳发展，共同应对全球气候变化。