2024山东省专升本统考英语真题及答案

　　山东省2024年普通高等教育专升本统一考试公共英语真题试卷

　　本试卷共10页，满分100分。考试用时120分钟注意事项：

　　1.答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、座号填写到试卷和答题卡指定位置，并在答题卡指定位置粘贴考生条形码。

　　2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，须用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；回答非选择题时，须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡指定位置。答在本试卷上无效。

　　3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

　　Part I Cloze(15 points)

　　Directions:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required toselect one wordfor each blank from a list of choices given in the box.Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the box isidentified by a letter:You may not use any of the words in the box more thanonce.Please mark the corresponding letter for each choice on the ANSWER SHEETwith a single line through the center:

　　A.using　　B.after　　C.affected　　D.who　　E.make　　F.period

　　G.investigates　　H.whether　　I.particularly　　J.habits

　　A new study finds that getting a family dog is good for kids.The finding is partof a growing body of research that_____1_____how dogs can boost health,not just forkids but for people of all ages.

　　In the study,Australian researchers followed 600 children over a_____2_____of threeyears.They tracked kids'physical activities by_____3_____monitors that measured thingslike how fast,long and intensely they moved.They also surveyed parents about theirchildren's activities-and_____4_____they had a family dog or not.The researchers tried tosee how the kids'activity levels were_____5_____by dog ownership.

　　Perhaps not surprisingly,both boys and girls in the study spent more time inplaying in the yard_____6_____getting a dog.But the impact was_____7_____pronounced ingirls.Adding a dog to the household increased young girls'physical activities by 52minutes a day.It could_____8_____a meaningful difference to theirhealth.

　　"Having a dog in childhood could help kids create healthy_____9_____aroundphysical activities,"says MacDonald,a professor at Oregon State University,_____10_____has studied the physical and emotional benefits of dog ownership in kids.

　　Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(45 points)

　　Section A(30 points)

　　Directions:In this section,there are three passages.Each passage is followed by fivequestions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked

　　A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letteron the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center:

　　Passage One

　　Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.

　　College professors these days face an ever-higher bar to grab the attention oftheir students,forced to compete with the pulling power of smartphones and laptopsin large lecture halls.But when your professor is a social media star,it is a little biteasier.

　　Tatiana Erukhimova,who teaches physics at Texas A&M University,has managed to get her students,as well as future generations,excited about thescience.Known as "Dr.Tatiana"to her students and online fan base,the professorperforms physics tricks with boundless energy and enthusiasm.Videos of hertheatrical demonstrations have attracted hundreds of millions of views across socialmedia platforms.

　　As part of the physics department's extensive program,she also puts on showsalmost every week teaching physics to K-12 students,The sooner kids are taughtphysics and taught it well,the better,she says.It is clear she knows what it takes toget young people excited about science.But it was not always that way.

　　When she first started teaching college freshman classes almost two decades ago,she says she struggled to grab the attention of her younger students.She was used toteaching juniors,as she had for a few years prior to that.By junior year,studentsmajoring in physics are committed to learning,she says.But when it comes toteaching a large lecture hall of 100-plus first-year students,first impressions aremake or break.

　　"I did not grab their attention on the first day-that was my mistake,"she says.“Imissed this opportunity to bond with them from the very beginning."By the secondsemester,she adjusted her approach to make her lecture halls feel smaller,and get herstudents engaged.

　　The key,she says,has been to make herself approachable and her instructionpersonal.“Talk to your students before and after class,walk up and down the stairswhen you teach your class rather than stay on the stage.And don'tjust lecture,talk tothem-make it interactive.When you ask the question,you expect the answer,"shesays."If you don't have the answer,you go to them and you still make them workwith you-it's not always easy,but when you're close to them,it's definitely easier."

　　11.According to Paragraph 1,professors find it more difficult to_____.

　　A.use smartphones in class

　　B.become social media stars

　　C.get students'attention in class

　　D.give lectures without using laptops

　　12.What can we learn about Dr.Tatiana from Paragraph 2?

　　A.She is a professor of online games.

　　B.She performs physics experiments in theatres

　　C.She gains less energy from social media platforms.

　　D.She has made many young persons interested in physics.

　　13.Which is closest in meaning to "make or break"in Paragraph 4?

　　A.Normal.

　　B.Crucial.

　　C.Breakable.

　　D.Successful.

　　14.According to Paragraph 5,Dr.Tatiana_____.

　　A.found the lecture hall too small

　　B.made a mistake in the second semester

　　C.got her students engaged at the very beginning

　　D.could reflect on and adjust her teaching accordingly

　　15.According to the last paragraph,good teachers should be able to______.

　　A.give their lectures in an interactive way

　　B.persuade their students to stay on the stage

　　C.ask questions that most students cannot answer

　　D.force their students to get well prepared before class

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

　　This is one of two schools in Richmond where the city has installed newenforcement cameras to catch speeders.Fitz Patrick has two children at theschool.She is also a traffic safety advocate for the nonprofit Greater RichmondFit4Kids,which is why she owns a radar gun(雷达测速器).

　　Still,Fitz Patrick has mixed feelings about the speed cameras.She would rathersee the whole street redesigned to discourage speeding and protect walkers andbicyclists.But she also knows that will not happen anytime soon.

　　The number of traffic deaths has risen sharply over the past decade,and safetyadvocates around the country are desperately searching for anything that will getdrivers to slow down.But critics say speed cameras can be a financial burden on thosewho are least able to pay.Still,they have eamed the support of important safetyadvocates,including Jonathan Adkins,the chief executive officer of the GovernorsHighway Safety Association.

　　Police departments in many places have scaled down their traffic enforcement,Adkins says,and speeding and careless driving seem to be getting worse.He saysautomated cameras can help fill that blank.“The question is,how do we arrange themin a fair way with the public support?"Adkins said.

　　No one likes getting a speeding ticket.But the objections to automated trafficenforcement go deeper than that."It is doubtful that safety is the real goal,"said JayBeeber,with the National Motorists Association,a driver advocacy group.

　　“We need to make sure that our cities have all the tools that are effective toreduce traffic deaths,"said Laura Friedman,a state lawmaker in California whosponsored the state law authorizing automated cameras."We make sure it can't be a money grab,because the money can only be used for physical speed-loweringimprovements on the same streets where you're using the cameras,"she said.“So it'sreally about changing the culture and slowing traffic down."

　　16.Fitz Patrick has a radar gun because______.

　　A.she is a traffic safety advocate

　　B.she has two children at the school

　　C.she has new cameras to catch speeders

　　D.she is a school headmaster in Richmond

　　17.According to Paragraph 2,Fitz Patrick thinks that______.

　　A.more speed cameras will soon be fixed

　　B.redesigning the whole street is a better choice

　　C.state lawmakers should redesign speed cameras

　　D.the newly-installed cameras encourage speeding

　　18.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?

　　A.Drivers find speed cameras can protect their safety.

　　B.There are different views on the use of speed cameras.

　　C.Speed cameras have caused a sharp rise in traffic deaths.

　　D.Safety advocates are desperately searching for slow drivers.

　　19.What is Jonathan Adkins'attitude toward installing speed cameras?

　　A.Critical.

　　B.Intolerant.

　　C.Sympathetic.

　　D.Unconcerned.

　　20.According to Laura Friedman,automated cameras are used to_____.

　　A.sponsorthe state law

　　B.collect more money for schools

　　C.let drivers respect the speed limit

　　D.improve the traffic flow in the city

　　Passage Three

　　Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

　　Experts suggest that Americans stop worrying about getting a perfect eight hoursof sleep,and warn that stressing about the magic number may actually result in a dropin sleep quality and duration.

　　Dr.Reena Mehra,a director of sleep research at the Cleveland Clinic,held thatfocusing too much on falling asleep may interrupt the process."It works against theindividual,"she said.

　　According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,more than a thirdof Americans do not achieve the recommended seven to nine hours of sleep per night.The agency also found that quality sleep is determined by major sleep episodes thatdo not have frequent awakenings.

　　One paper looking into the ideal amount of sleep found that "Sleep durationrecommendations issued by public health authorities help to inform the population ofinterventions,policies,and healthy sleep behaviors.However,the ideal amount ofsleep required each night can vary between different individuals due to gene-relatedfactors and other reasons,and it is important to adapt our recommendations on acase-by-case basis."

　　In the past,a lack ofsleep was a sign to bosses that a person was productive andsuccessful.But today,people try to create strategies to make the best use of their rest.

　　Researchers,scientists,psychologists and individuals in the sleep business saidthatthe best course of action when it comes to sleep is to relax.

　　Albert Einstein College of Medicine clinical associate professor of psychologyDr.Shelby Harris said patterns and routines are more important than the magiceight-hour number.However,she stressed that people do not need to be so rigid thatthey can no longer sleep at all if they have to break from their routine to work late ordeal with a restless child.Harris also noted that it is essential to remember thathumans were able to sleep peacefully well before the invention of drugs andtechnology."The pressure we put on ourselves is making sleep worse,"she said.

　　21.In writing Paragraph 2,the author aims to_______.

　　A.give a definition

　　B.draw a conclusion

　　C.make a comparison

　　D.support a viewpoint

　　22.According to Paragraph 4,the ideal amount of sleep required each night_____.

　　A.can affect genes

　　B.is based on policies

　　C.is different from person to person

　　D.should be revised by public authorities

　　23.According to Paragraph 5,in the past,a person lacking sleep was probablyregarded as,_____.

　　A.an old person

　　B.an able person

　　C.a person creating strategies

　　D.a person making good use of his or her rest

　　24.According to the last paragraph,Dr.Shelby Harris thinks that_______.

　　A.rigid persons need longer sleep

　　B.a magic number can make you peaceful

　　C.good sleep habits can improve your sleep quality

　　D.drugs and technology are essential for a restless child

　　25.Where is the passage most probably taken from?

　　A.An essay on trade.

　　B.A report of public health.

　　C.A review of a sports event.

　　D.An introduction to an agency.

　　Section B(15 points)

　　Directions:In this section,some sentences have been removed from the followingpassage.For Questions 26-30,choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fitinto each of the numbered blanks.There are two extra choices,which do notfit intoany of the blanks.Please mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEETwith a single line through the center.

　　Jumping rope has a long history and it is still good for people to do today.____26____Indeed,the health benefits of jumping rope are many and affect multiple systemsthroughout the body.____27____ The exercise is also great for improving blood pressureand heart rate.

　　____28____ Some reports show that you can burn as many as 500 calories in only 30minutes ofthe activity.When coupled with a calorie-reduced diet,jumping rope canhelp reduce your body weight and body fat from three to seven pounds in eightweeks.

　　Because of such benefits,many want to participate in the activity,though somedo not know where to begin.There are some good tips for beginners.

　　It is important to get the right rope length to begin with. ____29____ As you advance,you may find that a shorter rope is more to your liking because it will aidyou in increasing your skipping rate.

　　____30____ You should jump softly and low to the ground,and keep your hands lowand close to your body.As you improve,you may add no more than 10%additionalvolume per week.

　　It is also important to stretch properly to prevent injuries.You can get your bodyused to the motion of jumping up and down before involving the coordination(协调)required of using a rope.

　　A.The most important thing is to start slow.

　　B.What are the health benefits of jumping rope?

　　C.Jumping rope can also help people lose weight.

　　D.Regular practice of the sport strengthens muscles.

　　E.Non-running exercises can be beneficial for old people.

　　F.This simple piece of exercise equipment does not sell well.

　　G.The rope should be about 3 feet longer than your total height.

　　Part Ⅲ Translation(20 points)

　　Section A(10 points)

　　31.Directions:In this section,you should translate a passage from English intoChinese.You should write your answer on the ANSWERSHEET.

　　As the notion of aging changes,it is unnecessary for the elderly to worry toomuch about aging.They should have a positive outlook on life,for optimistic peopleare more likely to lead longer and healthier lives.Of course,a positive attitude doesnot come naturally to everyone.The elderly should change mindsets and imagine abrighter future.

　　Section B(10 points)

　　32.Directions:In this section,you should translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish.You should write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　在不久的将来，我们会走上工作岗位。不管从事何种工作，我们都要爱岗敬业，相信自己从事的是伟大的事业。工作中要重视自己的职责，发挥独特的才能。如果全心全意地投入工作，我们就会成功，生活就会更有意义。

　　Part IV Writing(20 points)

　　33.Directions:In this part,you should write a letter of no less than 100 words inEnglish based on the following information.

　　Suppose you are Li Hua.Write a letter to Chris,a foreign friend of yours,to introducea creative cultural gift(文化创意礼品)made by yourself.Your lettershould include:

　　1)a description of the gift.

　　2)the reasons for making the gift.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　英语试题参考答案

　　Part I Cloze(15 points)

　　1.G　　2.F　　3.A　　4.H　　5.C　　6.B　　7.I　　8.E　　9.J　　10.D

　　Part Il Reading Comprehension (45 points)

　　Section A(30 points)

　　11.C　　12.D　　13.B　　14.D　　15.A　　16.A　　17.B　　18.B　　19.A　　20.C

　　21.D　　22.C　　23.B　　24.C　　25.B

　　Section B(15 points)

　　26.B　　27.D　　28.C　　29.G　　30.A

　　Part I Translation(20 points)

　　Section A(10 points)

　　31.参考译文

　　随着老龄观念的变化，老年人不必过于担心衰老问题。老年人需要保持积极的心态，因为乐观的人可能更健康长寿。当然，积极的心态并不是与生俱来的。老年人需要改变思维模式，多去思考更加美好的未来。

　　Section B(10 points)

　　32.参考译文

　　In the near future.we will go to work.No matter what jobs we take,we should love ourprofessions and believe that we are doing great work.To do our work well,we need to take our responsibilities seriously and use our unique gifts.If we put our heart into ourwork,we are more likely to succeed and mark our life with meaning.

　　Part IV Writing(20 points)

　　33.范文，仅供参考。

　　Dear Chris

　　I am writing to introduce you a creative cultural gift made by myself.

　　It is a small flat bag made of silk and filled with herbs and spices.It blends the essence oftraditional Chinese culture with modern aestheucs.I decorated it with Chinese knotswhich symbolize fortune and wealth in our culture.On one side of the bag.I alsoembroidered a charming scenery of Mount Tai,the most sacred mountain in China.

　　There are two reasons forme to make the gift.Firstly.the gift with Chinese elements willhelp more people know about Chinese culture.Secondly,the bag with herbs and spiceswill be good for our health because it not only smells fragrant but keeps some harmfulinsects away.I am looking forward to seeing you.