2022山东省专升本统考英语真题及答案

　　2022年山东省普通高等教育专升本统一考试英语试题

　　本试卷分为第I卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共10页。满分100分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

　　注意事项：

　　1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、座号填写到试卷规定的位置上，并将姓名、考生号、座号填(涂)在答题卡规定的位置。

　　2.第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，答在本试卷上无效。

　　3.第Ⅱ卷答题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

　　第I卷

　　Part I Cloze(15 points)

　　Directions:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word foreach blank from a list of choices given in the box.Read the passage through carefully before making yourchoices.Each choice in the box is identified by a letter:You may not use any of the words in the box morethan once.Please mark the corresponding letter for each choice on the ANSWER SHEET with a singleline through the center.

　　A.that　　B.alone　　C.his　　D.concerns　　E.valuable　　F.carefully

　　G.need　　H.added　　I.productions　　J.soil　　K.than　　L.which

　　It is estimated that there are now more smartphones_1_people on the planet,the manufacture anddisposal of phones are clear environmental_2_.The US_3_has more than a quarter of a billion phonesready to be recycled,and an extra 11 million are_4_to this figure every month.It is reported_5_lessthan 20%of these phones and up actually being recycled.

　　The metals that are used in the_6_of smartphones are precious resources.Some_7_metals are oftenmined in extremely poor working conditions.If phones are not recycled,more and more of these metals_8_to be mined to keep up with the demand for new models.And when phones are buried under theground ,harmful elements leak into the_9_,polluting groundwater.To reduce the negative effect of thisproblem,we should think_10_about how to recycle our old phones.

　　PartⅡ ReadingComprehension(45 points)

　　SectionA(30 points)

　　Directions:In this section,there are three passages.Each passage is followed by five questions orunfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,Cand D.You should decide onthe best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

　　Passage One

　　Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.

　　Many people love to collect things,but why?Psychologists and collectors have different opinions.The psychologist Carl Jung believed that collecting is part of our ancient human history.Thousandsof years ago,humans collected nuts and fruits.They kept them carefully and ate them when there was nofood.The best collectors survived long cold winters or seasons without rain.Their genes passed to futuregenerations.Nowadays,we still have a collecting instinct.

　　Philipp Bloom,a historian,has a different opinion.He thinks that collectors want to makesomething,that will remain after their death.By bringing many similar items together,the collector gainshistorical importance.Sometimes their collections become museums or libraries,for example,HenryHuntington,who founded a library in Los Angeles to house his collection of books.

　　An actor named Steve Roach thinks that people collect things to remember their childhood.Manychildren collect things,but few have enough money to buy the things they really want,and they loseinterest.In later life,they remember their collections fondly.Now,they have enough money andopportunity to find special items,and they start collecting again.In this way,they can relive and enjoytheir childhood years.

　　Werner Berger,an art collector,agrees that collecting is linked to childhood.But he believes that wecollect in order to feel safe and secure.While babies hold toys to feel safe when their mothers are notthere,adults collect things to stop feeling lonely or anxious.

　　An autograph(亲笔签名)collector named Mark Baker agrees that collecting is emotional,but hedoesn't collect to reduce anxiety."For me,it's the excitement,"he says."I love trying to get a famousperson's autograph.Sometimes I succeed,and sometimes I fail.Also,by collecting autographs,I feelconnected to famous people.I don't just watch them on television.I actually meet them.”

　　These are just some ideas about collecting.Do you know any people with collections?Why do theycollect?

　　11.Carl Jung believed that collecting is( )

　　A.an instinct for survival　　B.an approach to growing fruits

　　C.a means of learning psychology　　D.a way of praying for good weather

　　12.According to Philipp Bloom,people collect things to()

　　A.write books for libraries　　B.build houses in Los Angeles

　　C.build theatres in Los Angeles　　D.acquire historical significance

　　13.According to Steve Roach,why do many children lose interest in collecting things?()

　　A.Because they hold toys to feel safe.

　　B.Because they have too many special items.

　　C.Because they cannot remember their collections.

　　D.Because they cannot afford whatthey really want.

　　14.Mark Baker likes collecting autographs because it( )

　　A.makes him rich　　B.makes him famous

　　C.brings him great joy　　D.reduces his anxiety

　　15.What is the passage mainly about?( )

　　A.Methods of collecting.　　B.Reasons for collecting.

　　C.How tobecome less anxious.　　D.How to remember one's childhood.

　　Passage two

　　Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

　　For many blind people and those with vision difficulties,life can be made easier with a guide dog.However,making a good guide dog takes much work .For many,the long road begins when the dog is apuppy(幼犬).

　　Take for example,the five 8-week old puppies that arrived at the Tipton Airport in Maryland earlyin February.They were loving,playful animals-like all puppies .Now,however,these puppies are on theroad to becoming useful members of society.If they prove themselves able,they could become guidedogs.They will help to improve the lives of people with vision loss and vision impairment.Thesefaithful-friends-to-be are part of a training program of an organization called Guiding Eyes for the BlindBorn in New York,these puppies spent the first two months of their lives with their mothers.They werebred(饲养)for health and the way they respond to their environment.

　　However,breeding alone will not be enough to turn these puppies into guide dogs.The puppies flewfrom the organization's head office in NewYork to Maryland.They will need training from dog trainingexperts.They will also need to be looked after by volunteers(志愿者)called the Puppy Raisers.The goalof this caring by the Puppy Raisers and their families is to turn the dynamic,playful puppies intowell-behaved dogs.These are the qualities needed for a successful guide dog:well-bred,well-trained,andwell-behaved.

　　The process will take about 14 to 16 months of weekly classes and testing.Training starts with thebasics:name recognition,behavior,and commands such as"sit"and "down."The trainers then move on tomore complex commands.After that,the puppies are given to the Puppy Raisers.The raisers and theirfamilies will show the puppies the world and how to act in it.

　　Cindy Tait,the Puppy Program manager of the Guiding Eyes for the Blind,said that other expertswould keep a watchful eye on the training and help with any problems the raisers may have along theway .Once a solid,loving foundation is in place,puppies must leave their raisers and return to thetraining center of the Guiding Eyes for the Blind in New York for official guide dog training.Formaltraining is where the dogs demonstrate whether they will become a guide dog for the blind.

　　16.The phrase"the long road"in Paragraph 1 probably refers to()

　　A.he journey from NewYork to Maryland

　　B.the process of turning puppies into guide dogs

　　C.the journey fromMaryland to the Tipton Airport

　　D.the process of transforming volunteers into puppy raisers

　　17.The word"impairment"in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to()

　　A.damage　　B.danger

　　C.impatience　　D.imitation

　　18.Puppies will be trained by the Puppy Raisers to be()

　　A.well-behaved　　B.passive

　　C.violent　　D.well-shaped

　　19.What does the word"it"in Paragraph 4 refer to?( )

　　A.The program　　B.The world.

　　C.The testing.　　D.The class.

　　20.Where will the puppies receive their official guide dog training?()

　　A.In the manager's office.　　B.In the Puppy Raisers'homes.

　　C.In the training center in Maryland.　　D.In the training center in New-York

　　Passage Three

　　Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

　　Food delivery services are a major contributor to single-use plastic waste.Plastic containers,drinkingcups,and straws make up about 269,00 tons of plastic found in the oceans.

　　Restrictions on in-person dining during the COVID-19 pandemic lead many consumers to shift fromin-person dining to takeout orders,increasing plastic waste.For something that is used very briefly forconvenience,single-use plastics have long-term environmental consequences.Luckily,there are severalways forconsumers to reduce their plastic use to the lowest level.

　　The first thing that anyone can do is simply not to use single-use plastics when it is not necessary.

　　Consumers can refuse the use of unnecessary single-use items when they order takeout.

　　"If you'd like to see plastic waste reduced,write in the notes when you order that you don't want theextra packaging that might typically come with your order,"says John Mann,executive director of anonprofit organization.“Call and politely tell them you support reducing plastic waste and see if they'veconsidered moving to reusable packaging or other things that aren't plastic."

　　“While individuals play a large part in demanding companies and manufacturers to act and committo sustainability,a top-down approach from policymakers may immediately and significantly reducewaste,"says Moore,a Californian environmentalist.“Single-use plastic bans(禁令)have shown to beeffective in reducing waste."

　　According to a 2019 study,California's ban on single-use plastic carryout bags can reduce 40 millionpounds of plastic per year.Banning or imposing a tax on all single-use items,not just plastics,can be amuch more effective strategy for reducing consumption and global seapollution

　　"If manufacturers were made responsible for disposing of or taking back the products and packagingthey create,we would see a large-scale shift toward more circular models of consumption,"says Moore.On the policy side,there is some movement toward holding manufacturers responsible for the life cycleof the products they produce.given that consumers and governments have been stuck with the disposalof large amounts of packaging and waste for decades,Moore adds.This kind of policy approach is calledExtended Producer Responsibility.It is up to each of us to encourage our policymakers to continuepromoting environmentally friendly behavior.

　　21.Restrictions on in-person dining during the COVID-19 pandemic result in()

　　A.fewerplastic bags　　B.more plastic waste

　　C.fewer takeout orders　　D.more in-person dining

　　22.The first thing that one can do to reduce the plastic use is to( )

　　A.order more food on delivery apps　　B.avoid using unnecessary single-use items

　　C.buy something used briefly for convenience 　　D.shift from in-person dining to takeout orders

　　23.According to John Mann,to reduce plastic waste ,consumers may ask for( )

　　A.extra dishes　　B.extra straws

　　C.reusable packaging　　D.plastic drinking cups

　　24.According to the last paragraph,manufacturers should( )

　　A.produce more plastic bags

　　B.cut off supplies of reusable products

　　C.advise the government to increase state income tax

　　D.take responsibility for the life cycle of their products

　　25.What is the author's attitude toward reducing plastic waste?( )

　　A.Doubtful.　　B.Tolerant.

　　C.Positive.　　D.Unsure.

　　Section B(15 points)

　　Directions:in this section,some sentences have been removed from the following passage.ForQuestions 26-30,choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanksThere are two extra choices,which do not fit into any of the blanks.Please mark the corresponding letteran the ANSWER SHEET.

　　Your happiness is like a retirement account:the sooner you invest,the greater your returner will be,just as financial planners advise their clients to engage in specific behavior.We can all teach ourselves todo some specific things at any age to make our last decades much happier.__26__

　　Don't smoke.__27__.The earlier you start the quitting process,the more smoke-free years you caninvest in your happiness account.

　　__28__.If you have any drinking problem in your life,get help now.Although quitting drinking canbe difficult,you will never be sorry if you make this decision.

　　Keep learning.__29__.You don't have to go to Harvard;you simply need to engage in lifelonglearning.

　　__30__.For most people,this includes a steady marriage ,but otherrelation ships with family,friends and partners matter as well.The point is to find people with whom you can grow,no matter whatcomes your way.

　　Develop the habits above today and see where you need to invest a little more time ,energy ormoney,Start moving in the right direction.

　　A.Watch your drinking

　　B.If you already smoke,quit now

　　C.Maintain a healthy body weight

　　D.She is shocked when I show her the data

　　E.Develop stable and long-term relationships now

　　F.More education means more active mind in old age

　　G.Here are some habits that could lead to happiness in old age

　　第Ⅱ卷

　　Part ⅢTranslation(20 points)Section A(10 points)

　　31.Directions:In this section.you should translate a passage from English into Chinese.You shouldwrite your answer on the ANSWERSHEET.

　　What I hate most is to keep birds in cages(笼子);We enjoy them while they are shut up in prison.Imust say that I always love birds,but there is a proper way of doing it .One who loves birds should planttrees ,so that the house shall be surrounded with hundreds of shady branches and be a home for birds.

　　Section B(10 points)

　　32.Directions:In this section,you should translate a passage from Chinese into English.You shouldwrite your answer on the ANSWER SHEET

　　中医(traditional Chinese medicine),是一种独特的医疗体系，也是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。不同于西医，中医把人体看作一个整体，与周围环境相互影响。中医博大精深，被认为是中国的“第五大发明”,值得更多的关注和研究。

　　Part IV Writing(20 points)

　　33 Directions:In this section,you should write an essays on How to Bridge the Digital Gapfor the Elderly based on the following information:

　　The first National Conference on Reading was held in Beijing on 23 April and a national campaignwas launched to promote people's love of reading.As a college student,how should you play a leadingrole in this campaign?

　　Your essay should include:

　　(1)your understanding of the national reading campaign;

　　(2)how to play a leading role in the campaign.You should write at least 100 words in English.Please write your essay on the ANSWER SHEET

　　参考答案

　　Section A

　　Part I Cloze(15 points)

　　1.【K】　　2.【D】　　3.【B】　　4.【H】　　5.【A】　　6.【I】

　　7.【E】　　8.【G】　　9.【J】　　10.【F】

　　PartII Reading Comprehension(45 points)Passage One

　　11.选A.　　12.选D.　　13.选D.　　14.选C.　　15.选B.

　　Passage Two

　　16.选B.　　17.选A.　　18.选A.　　19.选A.　　20.选D.

　　Passage Three

　　21.选B.　　22.选B.　　23.选C.　　24.选D.　　25.选C.

　　Section B(15 points)

　　26【G】　　27【B】　　28【A】　　29【F】　　30【E】

　　第Ⅱ卷

　　Part Ⅲ Translation((20 points)

　　Section A(10 points)

　　31参考译文：我最厌恶把鸟关在笼子里。我们欣赏它们，然而它们却被关在监狱里。我必须说我一直很喜欢鸟，但对鸟的喜欢有适当的方法。爱鸟之人应该种树，使房子周围百树成荫，成为鸟儿乐园。

　　Section B(10 points)

　　32参考译文：Traditional Chinese medicine is an original medical system and an important part oftraditional Chinese culture.Different from Western medicine,Traditional Chinese Medicine regards thehuman body as a whole which interacts with the surrounding environment.Traditional Chinese medicineis so broad and profound that it is considered to be the fifth greatest invention in China,which deservesmore attention and researches.

　　Part IV Writing(20 points)

　　33参考范文：

　　Howto Play a Leading Role in the National Reading Campaign

　　With the development of technology and society,more and more people are recognizing theimportance of reading.In response to the nationwide reading,the first National Conference on Readingwas held in Beijing on23 April.

　　The national reading campaign is to promote people's love of reading.On the one hand,reading isan important way to acquire knowledge and increase wisdom.On the other hand,it is also a approach tocary forward civilization and improve the quality ofthe people.

　　As a college student,we should play a leading role in this campaign.First of all,we should startfrom ourselves and set a good example for other people.What's more,we can recommend some good books to the people around us and encourage them to read as possible as they can.Last but not the least,we can build a reading comer and organize some reading activities regularly.Only in these ways can wepromote nationwide reading.