– The Chinese tradition of internationalism. The Chinese people always preserve a sense of justice and a feeling of sympathy. In 1950, just one year after the founding of the People’s Republic, China did its utmost to support other countries in their campaigns for national independence in spite of its own difficulties. Over the past seven decades, the Chinese nation has forged ahead, moving from poverty and backwardness towards strength and prosperity. The Chinese people hope that other peoples will also lead a good life while theirs is improving, and are willing to contribute as much as they can to other developing countries’ efforts to satisfy their people’s aspiration for a better life.
——中国开展国际发展合作,源于中国的大国责任担当。中国是联合国创始成员国和安理会常任理事国。中国坚守和平、发展、公平、正义、民主、自由的全人类共同价值,坚定走和平发展、开放发展、合作发展、共同发展道路。积极开展国际发展合作,是中国作为国际社会负责任成员的应尽责任和义务。中国把为人类作出新的更大贡献作为使命,愿努力为国际社会提供更多公共产品,与各国共创更加美好的未来。
– China’s sense of responsibility as a major country. China is a founding member of the United Nations and also a permanent member of the UN Security Council. It upholds the universal values of humanity – peace, development, equity, justice, democracy and freedom – and sticks to a development path that is peaceful, open, cooperative and inclusive. China considers it a duty to actively engage in development cooperation as a responsible member of the international community. China considers it a mission to contribute more to humanity. Its wish is to offer more public goods to the international community and join forces with other countries to build a better common future.
(二)新时代的中国国际发展合作观
2. China’s Approaches to Development Cooperation
中共十八大以来,中国的国际发展合作在实践中不断发展,形成了既一脉相承又富有新时代特色的中国国际发展合作观。
Based on its experience in international development cooperation since the 18th CPC National Congress, China has formed distinctive approaches in keeping with the new era while maintaining its fine traditions, as elaborated below.
——推动构建人类命运共同体是中国开展国际发展合作的崇高使命。人类命运休戚与共,没有发展中国家的发展,就不可能实现世界的稳定和繁荣。中国开展国际发展合作,帮助其他发展中国家减少贫困、改善民生,旨在同发展中国家一道,促进缩小南北发展差距、消除发展赤字,建设相互尊重、公平正义、合作共赢的新型国际关系,建设持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁荣、开放包容、清洁美丽的世界。
– Promoting a global community of shared future is the mission of China’s international development cooperation. Humanity shares a common stake in development, and world stability and prosperity cannot be achieved unless developing countries can progress. By helping other developing countries reduce poverty and improve their people’s lives, China works together with them to narrow the North-South gap, eliminate the deficit in development, establish a new model of international relations based on mutual respect, equity, justice and win-win cooperation, and build an open, inclusive, clean and beautiful world that enjoys lasting peace, universal security and common prosperity.
——坚持正确义利观是中国开展国际发展合作的价值导向。正确义利观坚持义利相兼、以义为先,这既是中国传统文化的弘扬,也是中国国际主义精神的体现。中国开展国际发展合作以正确义利观为导向,希望全世界共同做大发展蛋糕,特别是希望发展中国家加快发展,共享开放发展的机遇和成果。恪守互利共赢原则,在对发展中国家提供力所能及的帮助时,重视和照顾其他国家的利益需求,重义轻利、舍利取义。
– Pursuing the greater good and shared interests, with higher priority given to the former, is the underlying guideline. This represents one of China’s cultural traditions and embodies its belief in internationalism. Under this guideline, China strives to make the cake of prosperity bigger, and hopes developing countries will advance faster to share the opportunities and benefits offered by open development. Observing the principle of mutual benefit for win-win outcomes, it offers as much assistance as it can while taking into consideration of the interests and needs of other developing countries.
——南南合作是中国开展国际发展合作的基本定位。中国发展取得巨大成就,但是中国仍处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段的基本国情没有变,中国是世界上最大的发展中国家的国际地位没有变。中国开展国际发展合作,是发展中国家之间的相互帮助,属于南南合作范畴,与南北合作有着本质区别。作为南南合作的坚定支持者、积极参与者和重要贡献者,中国将继续承担与自身发展阶段和实际能力相适应的国际责任,促进南南合作深化发展,实现联合自强。
– South-South cooperation is the focus. In spite of China’s tremendous achievements, two realities have not changed: China is in the primary stage of socialism and will remain so for a long time to come, and China is still the world’s largest developing economy. China’s development cooperation is a form of mutual assistance between developing countries. It falls into the category of South-South cooperation and therefore is essentially different from North-South cooperation. China is a staunch supporter, active participant and key contributor of South-South cooperation. It will continue to shoulder the international responsibilities commensurate with its development level and capacity, and further expand South-South cooperation, so as to promote joint efforts for common development.
——共建“一带一路”是中国开展国际发展合作的重要平台。丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路是中国为世界提供的重要公共产品。中国国际发展合作以共建“一带一路”为平台,积极参与、配合“一带一路”建设,促进相关国家政策沟通、设施联通、贸易畅通、资金融通、民心相通,为将“一带一路”打造成为和平之路、繁荣之路、开放之路、绿色之路、创新之路、文明之路、廉洁之路作出积极贡献。
– Belt and Road cooperation is a major platform. The Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road are significant public goods China offers to the whole world and a major platform for international development cooperation. China has joined hands with other countries to promote policy, infrastructure, trade, financial and people-to-people connectivity, to build the Belt and Road into a path towards peace, prosperity, opening up, innovation, green development, cultural exchanges, and clean government.
——帮助其他发展中国家落实联合国2030年可持续发展议程是中国开展国际发展合作的重要方向。联合国2030年可持续发展议程是指导全球发展合作的纲领性文件,与共建“一带一路”高度契合。近年来,全球落实进程取得初步进展,但全球发展不平衡不充分的现象仍然突出,新冠肺炎疫情全球蔓延为落实议程带来严峻挑战。如期实现可持续发展目标,不让任何一个国家、任何一个人掉队任重道远。中国通过开展国际发展合作,增强有关国家发展能力,优化发展伙伴关系,帮助其他发展中国家克服疫情影响,加快落实联合国2030年可持续发展议程,实现共同繁荣。
– Helping other developing countries to pursue the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is a key goal. The 2030 Agenda is a guiding blueprint for development cooperation around the world and has a lot in common with the Belt and Road Initiative. The international community has made initial progress in achieving the agenda’s goals in recent years, but global development remains unbalanced and inadequate. The Covid-19 pandemic has posed a serious threat to the 2030 Agenda, making it a tough task to achieve its goals in all countries and for all people as scheduled. Through international cooperation on improving development capacity and optimizing development partnerships, China has helped other developing countries mitigate the impact of the pandemic, so as to accelerate action for the 2030 Agenda and achieve common prosperity.
(三)中国国际发展合作的政策主张
3. China’s Principles for Development Cooperation
新时代中国开展国际发展合作,秉持以下政策主张:
China’s principles for international development cooperation are as follows:
——相互尊重,平等相待。中国一贯主张在和平共处五项原则基础上开展国际发展合作,坚持国家不分大小、强弱、贫富,都是国际社会平等成员。开展国际发展合作时,不干预其他国家探索符合国情的发展道路,不干涉其他国家内政,不把自己的意志强加于人,不附加任何政治条件,不谋取政治私利。
– Respecting each other as equals. China always supports development cooperation on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. It holds that all countries, regardless of size, strength and wealth, are equal members of the international community. When cooperating with other countries for development, no country should interfere in their efforts to find a development path suited to their own national conditions, interfere in their internal affairs, impose its own will on them, attach political strings, or pursue political self-interest.
——量力而行,尽力而为。统筹国内国际两个大局,注重发挥比较优势,履行与国力相匹配的国际义务,在南南合作框架内,向其他发展中国家提供力所能及的援助。充分尊重其他发展中国家的意见,通过友好协商确定合作项目,不做超越合作伙伴发展阶段、不符合合作伙伴实际需要的事。坚持言必信、行必果,重信守诺,善始善终,不开“空头支票”。
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