政府报告白皮书：《关于中美经贸摩擦的事实与中方立场》

　　The US and China are the world’s top two economies. Trade friction between the two countries should be properly resolved as it bears on global economic stability and prosperity as well as world peace and development. For China and the US, cooperation can lead to mutual benefits while confrontation will do no good to anyone. The sound and steady development of China-US economic and trade relations is in the fundamental interests of the two peoples and the common interests of people across the globe, and is what the international community expects of us. China would like to work with the US in the same direction, act in a spirit of mutual respect and win-win cooperation, focus on economic and trade cooperation, properly manage economic and trade differences, and make vigorous efforts to foster a new China-US economic and trade order that is balanced, inclusive and mutually beneficial, so as to contribute to the well-being of the two peoples. Under the condition of equality and mutual benefit, China is willing to resume negotiations with the US on a bilateral investment treaty, and launch bilateral FTA negotiations when appropriate.

　　(三)中国坚定维护并推动改革完善多边贸易体制

　　3. China is firmly committed to the reform and improvement of the multilateral trading system.

　　以世界贸易组织为核心的多边贸易体制是国际贸易的基石，是全球贸易健康有序发展的支柱。中国坚定遵守和维护世界贸易组织规则，支持开放、透明、包容、非歧视的多边贸易体制，支持基于全球价值链和贸易增加值的全球贸易统计制度等改革。支持对世界贸易组织进行必要改革，坚决反对单边主义和保护主义。坚持走开放融通、互利共赢之路，构建开放型世界经济，加强二十国集团、亚太经合组织等多边框架内合作，推动贸易和投资自由化便利化，推动经济全球化朝着更加开放、包容、普惠、平衡、共赢的方向发展。

　　The multilateral trading system centered on the WTO is the cornerstone of international trade, and a pillar for the sound and orderly development of global trade. China is firm in observing and upholding the WTO rules. China supports an open, transparent, inclusive and non-discriminatory multilateral trading system, and supports the reform of the global trade statistics system based on the global value chain and value-added in trade. China supports necessary reform of the WTO and firmly opposes unilateralism and protectionism. Committed to pursuing open, integrated and win-win development, China is working to build an open world economy, enhance cooperation within the G20, APEC and other multilateral frameworks, promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, and make economic globalization more open, inclusive, balanced and beneficial to all.

　　(四)中国坚定保护产权和知识产权

　　4. China is firmly committed to protecting property rights and intellectual property rights (IPR).

　　中国高度重视知识产权保护，将其作为完善产权保护制度最重要的内容之一。中国将不断完善知识产权保护相关法律法规，提高知识产权审查质量和审查效率，针对故意侵权积极引入惩罚性赔偿制度，显著提高违法成本。中国依法严格保护外商企业合法知识产权，对于各种形式的侵权事件和案件将认真查处、严肃处理。中国法院不断完善符合知识产权案件特点的诉讼证据规则，建立实现知识产权价值的侵权损害赔偿制度，加强知识产权法院体系建设，积极推动国家层面知识产权案件上诉机制，保障司法裁判标准统一，加快推进知识产权审判体系和审判能力向现代化迈进。中国愿意与世界各国加强知识产权保护合作，也希望外国政府加强对中国知识产权的保护。中国主张通过法律手段解决知识产权纠纷问题，反对任何国家以保护知识产权之名，行贸易保护主义之实。

　　China attaches great importance to IPR protection and views it as one of the most important part of the efforts to improve the system for property rights protection. China will keep improving its laws and regulations on IPR protection, enhance the quality and efficiency of IPR reviews, and introduce the system of punitive damage compensation for intentional IPR infringements to significantly raise the cost of law violations. China protects the lawful IPR of foreign businesses in strict accordance with the law, and takes stern measures to address all types of IPR infringement cases. Chinese courts will keep improving the litigation evidence rules for IPR cases, establish a damage compensation system that reflects the value of IPR, strengthen the IPR court system, advance the building of a national-level appeal mechanism for IPR cases, ensure unified judicial criteria, and modernize the IPR adjudication system and capability at a faster pace. China will enhance its cooperation with all countries to protect IPR, and hopes that governments of other countries will also step up their efforts to protect Chinese IPR. China believes that IPR disputes should be resolved through legal means, and opposes trade protectionism pursued by any country in the name of IPR protection.

　　(五)中国坚定保护外商在华合法权益

　　5. China is firmly committed to protecting the lawful rights and interests of foreign businesses in China.

　　中国将着力构建公开、透明的涉外法律体系，不断改善营商环境，为各国企业在华投资经营提供更好、更优质的服务。中国尊重国际营商惯例，遵守世界贸易组织规则，对在中国境内注册的企业，一视同仁、平等对待。中国鼓励包括外商投资企业在内的各类市场主体，开展各种形式的合作，并致力于创造平等竞争的市场环境。中国政府高度关注外国投资者合理关切，愿意回应和努力解决企业反映的具体问题。中国始终坚持保护外国投资者及其在华投资企业的合法权益，对侵犯外商合法权益的行为将坚决依法惩处。

　　China is committed to building an open and transparent foreign-related legal system, improving the business environment, and providing better, higher-quality service to businesses from all countries operating and investing in China. China respects international business practices, observes the WTO rules, and treats all businesses registered in China equally. China encourages market entities including foreign businesses to engage in various forms of cooperation, and stands committed to creating a level playing field in the market. The Chinese government pays close attention to the legitimate concerns of foreign investors, and stands ready to respond to and address their specific concerns. China will always protect the lawful rights and interests of foreign investors and foreign-invested businesses, and take firm measures to address violations of their lawful rights and interests in accordance with the law.

　　(六)中国坚定深化改革扩大开放

　　6. China is firmly committed to deepening reform and widening opening-up.

　　改革开放是中国的基本国策，也是推动中国发展的根本动力。中国改革的方向不会逆转，只会不断深化。中国开放的大门不会关闭，只会越开越大。中国继续按照既定部署和节奏，坚定不移深化改革、扩大开放，全面推进依法治国，建设社会主义法治国家。中国坚持发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，更好发挥政府作用，鼓励竞争、反对垄断。中国和世界其他各国一样，有权根据自己的国情选择自己的发展道路包括经济模式。中国作为一个发展中国家，并非十全十美，愿意通过改革开放，学习借鉴先进经验，不断完善体制机制和政策。中国将切实办好自己的事情，坚定实施创新驱动发展战略，加快建设现代化经济体系，推动经济高质量发展。中国愿与世界各国分享中国发展新机遇。中国将实行高水平的贸易和投资自由化便利化政策，全面实行准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理制度，大幅放宽市场准入，扩大服务业对外开放，进一步降低关税，建设透明、高效、公平的市场环境，发展更高层次的开放型经济，创造更有吸引力的投资环境，与世界上一切追求进步的国家共同发展、共享繁荣。

　　Reform and opening-up are China’s basic policies, and provide fundamental driving force for its development. China will not reverse course, but only deepen its reform. China will not close its door to the world, but only open wider. Following the plans made and pace set, China will stay firmly committed to deepening reform and widening opening-up, advance the rule of law across the board, and build a socialist country under the rule of law. The market will play a decisive role in the allocation of resources and the government will play a better role to encourage competition and oppose monopoly. Like other countries, China has the right to choose its own development path, including the economic model, that suits its national reality. As a developing country, China is not perfect, but it is willing to draw on advanced experience and keep improving its systems, institutions and policies through reform and opening-up. China will manage its own affairs well, firmly implement an innovation-driven development strategy, accelerate the pace of modernizing its economy, and pursue economic development with higher quality. China is willing to share with other countries the new opportunities presented by its development. China will adopt policies to promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation with higher standards, implement the system of pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list across the board, significantly ease market access, further open up the service sector, further cut tariffs, build a transparent, efficient and fair business environment, develop an open economy at a higher level, and create a more attractive investment environment. In this way, China will share development and prosperity with all countries that aspire to progress.

　　(七)中国坚定促进与其他发达国家和广大发展中国家的互利共赢合作

　　7. China is firmly committed to mutually beneficial cooperation with other developed and developing countries.

　　中国将与欧盟一道加快推进中欧投资协定谈判，争取早日达成一致，并在此基础上将中欧自贸区问题提上议事日程。中国将加快中日韩自贸区谈判进程，推动早日达成“区域全面经济伙伴关系协定”。中国将深入推进“一带一路”国际合作，坚持共商共建共享原则，努力实现政策沟通、设施联通、贸易畅通、资金融通、民心相通，增添共同发展新动力。

　　China will work with the EU to expedite and strive for early consensus in the negotiations on the China-EU Investment Agreement, and, on this basis, take the China-EU FTA onto the agenda. China will accelerate negotiations on the China-Japan-ROK Free Trade Area and work for early conclusion of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). China will promote deeper cooperation under the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative based on the principles of consultation, cooperation and benefit for all, and make efforts to achieve policy, infrastructure, trade, financial, and people-to-people connectivity and create new drivers for common development.

　　(八)中国坚定推动构建人类命运共同体

　　8. China is firmly committed to building a community with a shared future for mankind.

　　面对人类发展面临的一系列严峻挑战，世界各国特别是大国要肩负起引领和促进国际合作的责任，相互尊重、平等协商，坚决摒弃冷战思维和强权政治，不搞唯我独尊、你输我赢的零和游戏，不搞以邻为壑、恃强凌弱的强权霸道，妥善管控矛盾分歧，坚持以对话解决争端、以协商化解分歧，以文明交流超越文明隔阂、文明互鉴超越文明冲突、文明共存超越文明优越。中国将继续发挥负责任大国作用，与其他国家一道，共同建设持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁荣、开放包容、清洁美丽的世界。