政府报告双语翻译：《中国应对气候变化的政策与行动》

　　Reducing non-carbon dioxide emissions. China attaches importance to the reduction of non-carbon dioxide emissions, and has introduced specific policies and measures in the National Plan on Climate Change (2014-2020) and the Work Plan for Controlling Greenhouse Gas Emissions. The Chinese government has:

　　offered subsidies for the handling of HFC-23 since 2014. As of 2019, subsidies worth RMB1.4 billion yuan had been paid, reducing 65,300 tonnes of HFC-23, equivalent to 966 million tonnes of carbon dioxide.

　　stepped up the development of environmentally friendly refrigerants and actively promoted the reuse and harmless treatment of refrigerants, in strict accordance with the Regulations on the Management of Ozone-Depleting Substances and the Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer.

　　supported enterprises to employ air-conditioner production lines using low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants, phase out hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) refrigerants, and limit the use of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs).

　　set up an alliance of Chinese oil and gas enterprises to advance methane emission control across the industry chain.

　　accepted the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer, representing a new stage in protecting the ozone layer and addressing climate change in the country.

　　持续提升生态碳汇能力。统筹推进山水林田湖草沙系统治理，深入开展大规模国土绿化行动，持续实施三北、长江等防护林和天然林保护，东北黑土地保护，高标准农田建设，湿地保护修复，退耕还林还草，草原生态修复，京津风沙源治理，荒漠化、石漠化综合治理等重点工程。稳步推进城乡绿化，科学开展森林抚育经营，精准提升森林质量，积极发展生物质能源，加强林草资源保护，持续增加林草资源总量，巩固提升森林、草原、湿地生态系统碳汇能力。构建以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系，正式设立第一批5个国家公园，开展自然保护地整合优化。建立健全生态保护修复制度体系，统筹编制生态保护修复规划，实施蓝色海湾整治行动、海岸带保护修复工程、渤海综合治理攻坚战行动、红树林保护修复专项行动。开展长江干流和主要支流两侧、京津冀周边和汾渭平原重点城市、黄河流域重点地区等重点区域历史遗留矿山生态修复，在青藏高原、黄河、长江等7大重点区域布局生态保护和修复重大工程，支持25个山水林田湖草生态保护修复工程试点。出台社会资本参与整治修复的系列文件，努力建立市场化、多元化生态修复投入机制。中国提出的“划定生态保护红线，减缓和适应气候变化案例”成功入选联合国“基于自然的解决方案”全球15个精品案例，得到了国际社会的充分肯定和高度认可。

　　Enhancing biological carbon sink capacity. China has done the following:

　　taken a coordinated approach to conserving the mountains, rivers, forests, farmland, lakes, grasslands and deserts, and carried out large-scale land afforestation. Efforts have continued on key projects, including protecting shelterbelts and natural forests, especially those in northwest, northeast and northern China and along the Yangtze River, conserving chernozem soils in northeast China, building high-quality farmland, protecting and restoring wetlands, returning cropland back to forests and grasslands, restoring grasslands, controlling the sources of dust storms affecting Beijing and Tianjin, and comprehensively addressing desertification and stony desertification.

　　achieved steady progress in urban and rural greening and improved the carbon sink capacity of forests, grasslands, wetlands and other ecosystems by tending and managing forests in a science-based approach, taking targeted measures to improve the quality of forests, developing biomass energy, strengthening the protection of forest and grassland resources, and increasing their total volume.

　　developed a PA system composed mainly of national parks and established its first five national parks as part of the efforts to integrate and optimize nature reserves.

　　introduced an ecological protection and restoration system, formulated relevant plans, and carried out the Blue Bay environmental improvement initiative, the coastal belts protection and restoration project, the comprehensive management of the Bohai Sea region’s water environment, and a special action for mangrove conservation and restoration.

　　carried out ecological restoration of abandoned mines in key areas, such as both sides of the main stream and major tributaries of the Yangtze River, key cities around the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and in the Fenwei Plains, and key regions in the Yellow River basin.

　　implemented major projects for ecological conservation and restoration in seven key areas, including the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Yellow River, and the Yangtze River.

　　supported 25 trials to conserve and restore the ecosystems of mountains, rivers, forests, farmland, lakes, and grasslands.

　　issued a series of documents to encourage private capital to participate in ecological conservation and restoration, in an effort to establish a market-based and diversified investment mechanism.

　　China’s proposal – Drawing a “Red Line” for Ecological Protection to Mitigate and Adapt to Climate Change – has been selected by the UN as one of the 15 best Nature-based Solutions around the globe.

　　(四)充分发挥市场机制作用

　　4. Giving Full Play to the Role of the Market

　　碳市场为处理好经济发展与碳减排关系提供了有效途径。全国碳排放权交易市场(以下简称全国碳市场)是利用市场机制控制和减少温室气体排放、推动绿色低碳发展的重大制度创新，也是落实中国二氧化碳排放达峰目标与碳中和愿景的重要政策工具。

　　The carbon market provides an effective approach to managing the relationship between economic development and carbon emissions reduction. The national carbon emissions trading market (national carbon market) is a major institutional innovation that uses market mechanisms to control and reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote green and low-carbon development. It is also an important policy tool for China to reach peak carbon emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.

　　开展碳排放权交易试点工作。碳市场可将温室气体控排责任压实到企业，利用市场机制发现合理碳价，引导碳排放资源的优化配置。2011年10月，碳排放权交易地方试点工作在北京、天津、上海、重庆、广东、湖北、深圳7个省、市启动。2013年起，7个试点碳市场陆续开始上线交易，覆盖了电力、钢铁、水泥20多个行业近3000家重点排放单位。截至2021年9月30日，7个试点碳市场累计配额成交量4.95亿吨二氧化碳当量，成交额约119.78亿元。试点碳市场重点排放单位履约率保持较高水平，市场覆盖范围内碳排放总量和强度保持双降趋势，有效促进了企业温室气体减排，强化了社会各界低碳发展的意识。碳市场地方试点为全国碳市场建设摸索了制度，锻炼了人才，积累了经验，奠定了基础，为全国碳市场建设积累了宝贵经验。