政府报告双语翻译：《中国应对气候变化的政策与行动》

　　The new energy industry is witnessing strong growth. The latest revolution in science and technology and industrial transformation has accelerated the growth of the NEV industry. China has topped the world in NEV output and sales for the last six years. In June 2021 the country’s NEV fleet reached 6.03 million.

　　In the manufacture of wind power and PV power generation equipment, China has established the most complete industrial chain in the world, and is the global leader in terms of technology and output. The steady maturing of China’s industrial chain for new energy storage and the diversity of its technology lend strength to the clean, low-carbon transition of the global energy sector. As of the end of 2020, China had secured the largest share in the global output of polycrystalline silicon, PV cells, and PV modules, and led the world in PV capacity additions for eight consecutive years; it had exported PV products to more than 200 countries and regions worldwide, helping to bring down the cost of clean energy globally; its installed capacity for new energy storage stood at 3.3 million kW, the largest in the world.

　　绿色节能建筑跨越式增长。以绿色发展理念为牵引，中国全面深入推进绿色建筑和建筑节能，充分释放建筑领域巨大的碳减排潜力。截至2020年底，城镇新建绿色建筑占当年新建建筑比例高达77%，累计建成绿色建筑面积超过66亿平方米。累计建成节能建筑面积超过238亿平方米，节能建筑占城镇民用建筑面积比例超过63%。“十三五”期间，城镇新建建筑节能标准进一步提高，完成既有居住建筑节能改造面积5.14亿平方米，公共建筑节能改造面积1.85亿平方米。可再生能源替代民用建筑常规能源消耗比重达到6%。

　　Green, energy-efficient buildings are growing rapidly. Under its green development philosophy, China has made sweeping efforts to promote eco-friendly and energy-efficient buildings, in a bid to harness the full potential for carbon emissions reduction in the architectural sector. By the end of 2020, the floorage of China’s green buildings had exceeded 6.6 billion square meters, with as many as 77 percent of urban buildings completed in the year meeting the green standard. The floorage of energy-efficient buildings had surpassed 23.8 billion square meters, accounting for more than 63 percent of the total floor space of urban civic buildings.

　　During the 2016-2020 period, China further raised its energy conservation standard for newly built urban buildings. It improved energy efficiency over 514 million square meters of floor space in existing civic buildings and 185 million square meters in public buildings, and increased the share of renewable energy in energy use by civic buildings to six percent.

　　绿色交通体系日益完善。中国坚定不移推进交通领域节能减排，走出了一条能耗排放做“减法”、经济发展做“加法”的新路子。综合运输网络不断完善，大宗货物运输“公转铁”、“公转水”、江海直达运输、多式联运发展持续推进;铁路货运量占全社会货运量比例较2017年增长近两个百分点，水路货运量较2010年增加了38.27亿吨，集装箱铁水联运量“十三五”期间年均增长超过23%。城市低碳交通系统建设成效显著，截至2020年底，31个省(区、市)中有87个城市开展了国家公交都市建设，43个城市开通运营城市轨道交通。“十三五”期间城市公共交通累计完成客运量超4270亿人次，城市公共交通机动化出行分担率稳步提高。

　　Steady progress is being made in green transport. China is firmly committed to energy conservation and emissions reduction in the transport industry. It has therefore devised a means of reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions while maintaining economic growth. With steady improvements to the integrated transport system, more bulk cargos are carried by train and ship instead of truck, and river-sea shipping and multimodal transport continue to expand. By 2020 the share of railways in China’s total freight volume had increased by nearly two percentage points over 2017, and the volume of river and sea freight had grown by 3.83 billion tonnes compared to 2010. Between 2016 and 2020 the volume of intermodal rail-water freight grew by an average of 23 percent year on year.

　　Notable progress has also been made in building low-carbon urban transport systems. As of the end of 2020, 87 cities on China’s mainland had joined the national program to improve public transport, and 43 cities had launched urban rail transit networks. During the 2016-2020 period, trips by urban public transport exceeded 427 billion, signifying a steady increase in the proportion of city dwellers using public transport.

　　(四)生态系统碳汇能力明显提高

　　4. Marked Increase in the Carbon Sink Capacity of Ecosystems

　　中国坚持多措并举，有效发挥森林、草原、湿地、海洋、土壤、冻土等的固碳作用，持续巩固提升生态系统碳汇能力。中国是全球森林资源增长最多和人工造林面积最大的国家，成为全球“增绿”的主力军。2010年至2020年，中国实施退耕还林还草约1.08亿亩。“十三五”期间，累计完成造林5.45亿亩、森林抚育6.37亿亩。2020年底，全国森林面积2.2亿公顷，全国森林覆盖率达到23.04%，草原综合植被覆盖度达到56.1%，湿地保护率达到50%以上，森林植被碳储备量91.86亿吨，“地球之肺”发挥了重要的碳汇价值。“十三五”期间，中国累计完成防沙治沙任务1097.8万公顷，完成石漠化治理面积165万公顷，新增水土流失综合治理面积31万平方公里，塞罕坝、库布齐等创造了一个个“荒漠变绿洲”的绿色传奇;修复退化湿地46.74万公顷，新增湿地面积20.26万公顷。截至2020年底，中国建立了国家级自然保护区474处，面积超过国土面积的十分之一，累计建成高标准农田8亿亩，整治修复岸线1200公里，滨海湿地2.3万公顷，生态系统碳汇功能得到有效保护。

　　China has taken various measures to build up the carbon sink capacity of ecosystems and ensure that forests, grasslands, wetlands, oceans, soil and frigid zones play their role in carbon sequestration. With the highest growth in forest coverage and the largest area of man-made forests, China leads the world in greening the planet. In the decade between 2010 and 2020, 7.2 million ha of marginal farmland were turned into forest and grassland. By 2020, vegetation coverage of its grasslands was 56.1 percent, and more than half of its wetland areas were under protection.

　　In the 2016-2020 period, 36.3 million ha of forests were planted, and 42.5 million ha of forests were tended. At the end of 2020, China’s forest area stood at 220 million ha, its forest coverage reached 23 percent, and forest carbon storage approached 9.19 billion tonnes. Forests, the lungs of the earth, are playing their due role as an important carbon sink.

　　During the five years from 2016 to 2020, China conducted desertification control on almost 11 million ha, addressed stony desertification on 1.65 million ha, and applied comprehensive treatment of soil erosion to an additional 310,000 square kilometers of land. Saihanba and Kubuqi are two shining examples of this “desert to oasis” miracle China has created. China also restored 467,400 ha of degraded wetlands, and added 202,600 ha of new wetlands.

　　By the end of 2020, China had established 474 national nature reserves, which accounted for more than one tenth of its land mass. It had cultivated 53.3 million ha of high-quality farmland, and restored 1,200 km of coastline and 23,000 ha of coastal wetlands. As a result, ecosystems are better conserved and geared to play their role as carbon sinks.

　　(五)绿色低碳生活成为新风尚

　　5. Green and Low Carbon Lifestyles Gaining Popularity

　　践行绿色生活已成为建设美丽中国的必要前提，也正在成为全社会共建美丽中国的自觉行动。中国长期开展“全国节能宣传周”“全国低碳日”“世界环境日”等活动，向社会公众普及气候变化知识，积极在国民教育体系中突出包括气候变化和绿色发展在内的生态文明教育，组织开展面向社会的应对气候变化培训。“美丽中国，我是行动者”活动在中国大地上如火如荼展开。以公交、地铁为主的城市公共交通日出行量超过2亿人次，骑行、步行等城市慢行系统建设稳步推进，绿色、低碳出行理念深入人心。从“光盘行动”、反对餐饮浪费、节水节纸、节电节能，到环保装修、拒绝过度包装、告别一次性用品，“绿色低碳节俭风”吹进千家万户，简约适度、绿色低碳、文明健康的生活方式成为社会新风尚。

　　Green living is a prerequisite for building a beautiful China, and every member of society has become conscious of the need and is ready to act. Through regular activities, including those for National Energy Conservation Week, National Low Carbon Day and World Environment Day, China educates the public about climate change. It also promotes the concept of eco-civilization, including climate change and green development, in the national education system, and organizes training courses for the public on responding to climate change.

　　The “Beautiful China, I’m a Contributor” campaign is sweeping the nation, attracting large numbers of participants. Urban public vehicles, mainly buses and subways, carry over 200 million passengers every day, roads and facilities friendly to cycling and walking are expanding in urban areas, and more people are favoring green, low-carbon modes of transport.

　　In addition, tens of thousands of households are practicing thrift through actions such as saving food, water, paper, and energy, choosing eco-friendly materials for home decoration, and saying no to over-packaging and disposable products. The nation is turning towards a thrifty, healthy, green and low-carbon lifestyle.