政府报告双语翻译：《中国应对气候变化的政策与行动》

　　Non-fossil energy is developing rapidly. China gives priority to the development of non-fossil energy. It is vigorously developing and utilizing alternative energy sources, and promoting a green and low-carbon transformation of its energy industry. Preliminary calculations show that in 2020, non-fossil energy contributed 15.9 percent to China’s total energy consumption, a significant increase of 8.5 percentage points compared with 2005. The total installed capacity of non-fossil energy power generation in China reached 980 million kW, accounting for 44.7 percent of total installed capacity. Within this figure, wind represented 280 million kW, PV 250 million kW, hydro 370 million kW, biomass 29.52 million kW, and nuclear power 49.89 million kW. PV power increased by a factor of more than 3,000 compared with 2005, and wind by a factor of more than 200. Electricity generated by non-fossil energy reached 2.6 trillion kWh, representing more than one third of the power consumption of the country.

　　能耗强度显著降低。中国是全球能耗强度降低最快的国家之一，初步核算，2011年至2020年中国能耗强度累计下降28.7%。“十三五”期间，中国以年均2.8%的能源消费量增长支撑了年均5.7%的经济增长，节约能源占同时期全球节能量的一半左右。中国煤电机组供电煤耗持续保持世界先进水平，截至2020年底，中国达到超低排放水平的煤电机组约9.5亿千瓦，节能改造规模超过8亿千瓦，火电厂平均供电煤耗降至305.8克标煤/千瓦时，较2010年下降超过27克标煤/千瓦时。据测算，供电能耗降低使2020年火电行业相比2010年减少二氧化碳排放3.7亿吨。2016年至2020年，中国发布强制性能耗限额标准16项，实现年节能量7700万吨标准煤，相当于减排二氧化碳1.48亿吨;发布强制性产品设备能效标准26项，实现年节电量490亿千瓦时。

　　China is rapidly reducing its energy consumption intensity. Preliminary calculations show that the reduction from 2011 to 2020 reached 28.7 percent, one of the fastest in the world. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period (2016-2020), China fueled an average annual economic growth of 5.7 percent with an average annual energy consumption growth of 2.8 percent, and the amount of energy it saved accounted for about half of the global energy savings in the same period. China has been ranked among leading countries in the efficiency of coal consumption in its coal-fired power generation units. By the end of 2020, it had approximately 950 million kW of installed capacity in ultra-low emission units, and over 800 million kW of installed capacity in units that had undergone energy-saving transformation. The average coal consumption of thermal power plants had decreased to 305.8 grams of standard coal per kWh, down more than 27 grams compared with 2010. The energy saved represents a reduction of 370 million tonnes of carbon dioxide emission by coal-fired power generation units in 2020 compared with 2010.

　　From 2016 to 2020, China issued 16 mandatory energy consumption quota standards, achieving an annual energy saving of 77 million tonnes of standard coal, equivalent to 148 million tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions; it issued 26 mandatory product and equipment energy efficiency standards, realizing an annual power saving of 49 billion kWh.

　　能源消费结构向清洁低碳加速转化。为应对化石能源燃烧所带来的环境污染和气候变化问题，中国严控煤炭消费，煤炭消费占比持续明显下降。2020年中国能源消费总量控制在50亿吨标准煤以内，煤炭占能源消费总量比重由2005年的72.4%下降至2020年的56.8%。中国超额完成“十三五”煤炭去产能、淘汰煤电落后产能目标任务，累计淘汰煤电落后产能4500万千瓦以上。截至2020年底，中国北方地区冬季清洁取暖率已提升到60%以上，京津冀及周边地区、汾渭平原累计完成散煤替代2500万户左右，削减散煤约5000万吨，据测算，相当于少排放二氧化碳约9200万吨。

　　China has accelerated the transformation to a clean and low-carbon energy consumption structure. In order to address pollution and climate change caused by fossil fuel combustion, China has strictly controlled coal consumption, and the proportion of coal consumption has continued to decline significantly. In 2020, China’s total energy consumption was kept under 5 billion tonnes of standard coal. The proportion of coal in its total energy consumption dropped from 72.4 percent in 2005 to 56.8 percent in 2020. China exceeded the target for reducing coal production capacity and eliminated more than 45 million kW of outdated coal and electricity production capacity during the 2016-2020 period. By the end of 2020, the clean heating rate in winter in northern China had increased to more than 60 percent. Coal for non-industrial sectors has been replaced with cleaner energy in the power supply to around 25 million households in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and surrounding areas and on the Fenwei Plain, representing a reduction of around 50 million tonnes of coal for non-industrial sectors, which is equivalent to cutting about 92 million tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions.

　　能源发展有力支持脱贫攻坚。中国实施能源扶贫工程，通过合理开发利用贫困地区能源资源，有效提升了贫困地区自身“造血”能力，为贫困地区经济发展增添新动能。中国累计建成超过2600万千瓦光伏扶贫电站，成千上万座“阳光银行”遍布贫困农村地区，惠及约6万个贫困村、415万贫困户，形成了光伏与农业融合发展的创新模式，助力打赢脱贫攻坚战。

　　Energy development significantly contributes to poverty alleviation. China has implemented a project to alleviate poverty through the rational development and utilization of energy resources in poor areas, effectively boosting their economic development capacity. China has built a total of more than 26 million kW of PV poverty-alleviation power stations, and thousands of “sunshine banks” in poor rural areas, benefiting about 60,000 poor villages and 4.15 million poor households. This innovative model for the integrated development of PV energy and agriculture is helping to win the battle against poverty.

　　(三)产业低碳化为绿色发展提供新动能

　　3. Low-Carbon Industrial Transition Fueling Green Development

　　中国坚持把生态优先、绿色发展的要求落实到产业升级之中，持续推动产业绿色低碳化和绿色低碳产业化，努力走出了一条产业发展和环境保护双赢的生态文明发展新路。

　　China has incorporated the concepts of putting the environment first and pursuing green development into its industrial upgrading. Through green, low carbon transformation of industries and the application of green, low carbon solutions, it has opened a new path to progress in both industrial development and environmental protection.

　　产业结构进一步优化。应对气候变化为中国产业绿色低碳发展赋予新使命，带来新机遇。2020年中国第三产业增加值占GDP比重达到54.5%，比2015年提高3.7个百分点，高于第二产业16.7个百分点。节能环保等战略性新兴产业快速壮大并逐步成为支柱产业，高技术制造业增加值占规模以上工业增加值比重为15.1%。“十三五”期间，中国高耗能项目产能扩张得到有效控制，石化、化工、钢铁等重点行业转型升级加速，提前两年完成“十三五”化解钢铁过剩产能1.5亿吨上限目标任务，全面取缔“地条钢”产能1亿多吨。据测算，截至2020年，中国单位工业增加值二氧化碳排放量比2015年下降约22%。2020年主要资源产出率比2015年提高约26%，废钢、废纸累计利用量分别达到约2.6亿吨、5490万吨，再生有色金属产量达到1450万吨。

　　China is improving its industrial structure. Responding to climate change is a new mission for Chinese industry in its pursuit of green, low-carbon development, which also opens up new opportunities. The added value of tertiary industry made up 54.5 percent of China’s GDP in 2020, 3.7 percentage points above that of 2015 and 16.7 percentage points higher than the figure for secondary industry. Strategic emerging industries such as energy conservation and environmental protection are growing rapidly and becoming pillars of the economy. Hi-tech manufacturing now accounts for 15.1 percent of the added value of industrial firms of designated size – with a revenue of RMB20 million and above per annum.

　　During the 2016-2020 period, China effectively reined in the expansion of energy-intensive industries, and accelerated the upgrading and transformation of key industries, including petrochemicals, chemicals, and iron & steel. Having set the goal of reducing the overcapacity of iron & steel production by up to 150 million tonnes during this period, it met the goal two years ahead of schedule, and decommissioned facilities producing substandard steel products to a total volume exceeding 100 million tonnes. It is estimated that from 2015 to 2020 carbon dioxide emissions per unit of added value of Chinese industries fell by about 22 percent.

　　In 2020, major resource productivity rose by approximately 26 percent from the 2015 level. About 260 million tonnes of scrap steel and 54.9 million tonnes of waste paper were reused, and the output of recycled non-ferrous metals reached 14.5 million tonnes.

　　新能源产业蓬勃发展。随着新一轮科技革命和产业变革孕育兴起，新能源汽车产业正进入加速发展的新阶段。中国新能源汽车生产和销售规模连续6年位居全球第一，截至2021年6月，新能源汽车保有量已达603万辆。中国风电、光伏发电设备制造形成了全球最完整的产业链，技术水平和制造规模居世界前列，新型储能产业链日趋完善，技术路线多元化发展，为全球能源清洁低碳转型提供了重要保障。截至2020年底，中国多晶硅、光伏电池、光伏组件等产品产量占全球总产量份额均位居全球第一，连续8年成为全球最大新增光伏市场;光伏产品出口到200多个国家及地区，降低了全球清洁能源使用成本;新型储能装机规模约330万千瓦，位居全球第一。